http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/thomas_barnett_draws_a_new_map_for_peace.html

4개언어, 20여분의 강의
2005년도 2월 강의, 2007년 1월 등록

밑에는 아마 발표자가 발효한 내용인 듯. 가끔 들리는 단어는 펜타곤, 김정일 정도.
밑에 자막은 4개 언어만 있음.
그래도 자막을 이용하면, 들리는 듯.. 하지만, 자막을 보는데도... 이게 이 단어인가라고 생각하는 경우도.....^^;

I get asked a lot what the difference between my work is and typical Pentagon long-range strategic planners. And the answer I like to offer is, what they typically do is they think about the future of wars in the context of war. And what I've spent 15 years doing in this business -- and it's taken me almost 14 to figure it out -- is I think about the future of wars in the context of everything else. So I tend to specialize on the scene between war and peace. The material I'm going to show you is one idea for a book. Well, a lot of ideas. It's the one takes me round the world right now interacting with foreign militaries quite a bit. The material was generated in two years of work I did for the Secretary of Defense, thinking about a new national grand strategy for the United States. I'm going to present a problem and try to give you an answer.
Here's my favorite bonehead concept from the 1990s in the Pentagon, the theory of anti-access, area-denial asymmetrical strategies. Why do we call it that? Because it's got all those A's lined up I guess. This is gobbledygook for, if the United States fights somebody we're going to be huge, they're going to be small. And if they try to fight us in the traditional, straight-up manner we're going to kick their ass, which is why people don't try to do that any more. I met the last Air Force General who had actually shot down an enemy plane in combat. He's now a one star General. That's how distant we are from even meeting an air force willing to fly against ours. So that overmatched capability creates problems -- catastrophic successes the White House calls them.
(Laughter)
And we're trying to figure that out, because it is an amazing capability. The question is, what's the good you can do with it? OK? The theory of anti-access, area-denial asymmetrical strategies -- gobbledygook that we sell to Congress, because if we just told them we can kick anybody's asses they wouldn't buy us all the stuff we want. So we say, area-denial, anti-access asymmetrical strategies, and their eyes glaze over.
(Laughter)
And they say, will you build it in my district?
(Laughter)
(Applause)
Here's my parody and it ain't much of one. Let's talk about a battle space, I don't know, Taiwan Straits 2025. Let's talk about an enemy embedded within that battle space. I don't know, the Million Man Swim.
(Laughter)
The United States has to access that battle space instantaneously. They throw up anti-access, area-denial asymmetrical strategies. A banana peel on the tarmac.
(Laughter)
Trojan horses on our computer networks reveal all our Achilles' heels instantly. We say, China, it's yours. Prometheus approach, largely a geographic definition, focus almost exclusively on the start of conflict. We field the first-half team in a league that insists on keeping score until the end of the game. That's the problem. We can run the score up against anybody, and then get our asses kicked in the second half -- what they call fourth generation warfare.
Here's the way I like to describe it instead. There is no battle space the U.S. Military cannot access. They said we couldn't do Afghanistan, we did it with ease. They said we couldn't do Iraq. We did it with 150 combat casualties in six weeks. We did it so fast we weren't prepared for their collapse. There is nobody we can't take down. The question is, what do you do with the power?
So there's no trouble accessing battle spaces. What we have trouble accessing is the transition space that must naturally follow, and creating the peace space that allows us to move on. Problem is, the Defense Department over here beats the hell out of you. The State Department over here says, "Come on boy, I know you can make it." And that poor country runs off that ledge, does that cartoon thing and then drops.
(Laughter)
This is not about overwhelming force, but proportional force. It's about non-lethal technologies, because if you fire real ammo into a crowd of women and children rioting you're going to lose friends very quickly. This is not about projecting power, but about staying power, which is about legitimacy with the locals. Who do you access in this transition space?
You have to create internal partners, you have to access coalition partners. We asked the Indians for 17,000 peace keepers. I know their senior leadership, they wanted to give it to us. But they said to us, you know what? In that transition space you're mostly hat not enough cattle. We don't think you can pull it off, we're not going to give you our 17,000 peace keepers for fodder. We asked the Russians for 40,000. They said no. I was in China in August, I said, "You should have 50,000 peace keepers in Iraq. It's your oil, not ours." Which is the truth, it's their oil. And the Chinese said to me, "Dr. Barnett, you're absolutely right. In a perfect world we'd have 50,000 there. But it's not a perfect world, and your administration isn't getting us any closer." But we have trouble accessing our outcomes.
We lucked out, frankly, on the selection. We face different opponents across these three. And it's time to start admitting you can't ask the same 19-year-old to do it all, day in and day out. It's just too damn hard. We have an unparalleled capacity to wage war. We don't do the everything else so well. Frankly, we do it better than anybody and we still suck at it. We have a brilliant Secretary of War. We don't have a Secretary of Everything Else. Because if we did, that guy would be in front of the Senate, still testifying over Abu Ghraib. The problem is he doesn't exist. There is no Secretary of Everything Else. I think we have an unparalleled capacity to wage war. I call that the Leviathan Force. What we need to build is a force for the Everything Else, I call them System Administrators.
What I think this really represents is lack of an A to Z rule set for the world as a whole for processing politically bankrupt states. We have one for processing economically bankrupt states. It's the IMF Sovereign Bankruptcy Plan, OK? We argue about it every time we use it. Argentina just went through it, broke a lot of rules. They got out on the far end, we said, fine, don't worry about it. It's transparent, a certain amount of certainty, gives the sense of a non-zero outcome. We don't have one for processing politically bankrupt states that frankly, everybody wants gone. Like Saddam, like Mugabe, like Kim Jong-Il -- people who kill in hundreds of thousands or millions. Like the 250,000 dead so far in Sudan.
What would an A to Z system look like? I'm going to distinguish between what I call front half and back half. And let's call this red line, I don't know, mission accomplished.
(Laughter)
(Applause)
What we have extant right now, at the beginning of this system, is the U.N. Security Council as a grand jury. What can they do? They can indict your ass. They can debate it, they can write it on a piece of paper, they can put it in an envelope and mail it to you. And then say in no uncertain terms, please cut that out.
(Laughter)
That gets you about four million dead in Central Africa over the 1990s. That gets you 250,000 dead in the Sudan in the last 15 months. Everybody's got to answer their grandchildren some day what you did about the holocaust in Africa. And you better have an answer. We don't have anything to translate that will into action.
What we do have is the U.S.-enabled Leviathan Force that says, "You want me to take that guy down? I'll take that guy down. I'll do it on Tuesday. It will cost you 20 billion dollars."
(Laughter)
But here's the deal. As soon as I can't find anybody else to air out, I leave the scene immediately. That's called the Powell Doctrine. Way downstream we have the International Criminal Court. They love to put them on trial, they've got Milosevic right now.
What are we missing? A functioning executive that will translate will into action. Because we don't have it, every time we lead one of these efforts we have to whip ourselves into this imminent threat thing. We haven't faced an imminent threat since the Cuban missile crisis, 1962. But we use this language from a bygone era to scare ourselves into doing something because we're a democracy and that's what it takes. And if that doesn't work we scream, "He's got a gun!" just as we rush in.
(Laughter)
And then we look over the body and we find like an old cigarette lighter and we say, "Jesus, it was dark."
(Laughter)
Do you want to do it France? France says, "No, but I do like to criticize you after the fact."
What we need downstream is a great power enabled, what I call that Sys Admin Force. We should have had 250,000 troops streaming into Iraq on the heels of that Leviathan sweeping towards Baghdad. What do you get then? No looting, no military disappearing, no arms disappearing, no ammo disappearing, no Muqtada al-Sadr -- I'm wrecking his bones -- no insurgency. Talk to anybody who was over there in the first six months. We had six months to feel the lob, to get the job done, and we dicked around for six months. And then they turned on us. Why? Because they just got fed up. They saw what we did to Saddam. They said, "You're that powerful, you can resurrect this country. You're America."
What we need is an international reconstruction fund. Sebastian Mallaby, Washington Post, great idea. Model on the IMF. Instead of passing the hat each time, OK? Where are we going to find this guy? G20, that's easy. Check out their agenda since 9/11. All security dominated. They're going to decide up front how the money gets spent. Just like in the IMF. You vote according to how much money you put in the kitty. Here's my challenge to the Defense Department. You've got to build this force, you've got to seed this force, you've got to track coalition partners, create a record of success. You will get this model. You tell me it's too hard to do. I'll walk this dog right through that six part series on the Balkans. We did it just like that. I'm talking about regularizing it, making it transparent. Would you like Mugabe gone? Would you like Kim Jong-Il ,who's killed about two million people, would you like him gone? Would you like a better system? This is why it matters to the military. They've been experiencing an identity crisis since the end of the Cold War. I'm not talking about the difference between reality and desire, which I can do because I'm not inside the beltway.
(Laughter)
Talk about the 1990s. The Berlin Wall falls, we do Desert Storm. The split starts to emerge between those in the military who see a future they can live with, and those who see a future that starts to scare them. Like the U.S. submarine community which watches the Soviet Navy disappear overnight. Ah!
(Laughter)
So they start moving from reality towards desire and they create their own special language to describe their voyage of self-discovery and self-actualization.
(Laughter)
The problem is you need a big, sexy opponent to fight against. And if you can't find one you've got to make one up. China, all grown up, going to be a looker!
(Laughter)
The rest of the military got dragged out into the muck across the 1990s. And they developed this very derisive term to describe it, military operations other than war. I ask you, who joins the military to do things other than war? Actually, most of them. Jessica Lynch never planned on shooting back. Most of them don't pick up a rifle. I maintain this is code inside the Army for we don't want to do this. They spent the 1990s working the messy scene between globalized parts of the world What I call the core and the gap. The Clinton administration wasn't interested in running this. For eight years, after screwing up the relationship on day one, inauguration day with gays in the military, which was deft.
(Laughter)
So we were home alone for eight years. And what did we do home alone? We bought one military and we operated another. And it's like the guy who goes to the doctor and says, "Doctor, it hurts when I do this."
(Laughter)
The doctor says, "Stop doing that you idiot."
I used to give this brief inside the Pentagon in the early 1990s. I'd say, "You're buying one military and you're operating another. And eventually it's going to hurt, it's wrong. Bad Pentagon, bad!"
(Laughter)
And they'd say, "Dr. Barnett, you are so right. Can you come back next year and remind us again?"
(Laughter)
Some people say 9/11 heals the rift, jerks the long-term transformation gurus out of their 30,000 foot view of history, drags them down in to the muck and says, you want a networked opponent? I've got one, he's everywhere, go find him. And it elevates MOOTW -- how we pronounce that acronym -- from crap to grand strategy, because that's how you're going to shrink that gap.
Some people put these two things together and they call it empire, which I think is a boneheaded concept. Empire is about the enforcement of not just minimal rule sets, which you cannot do, but maximum rule sets which you must do. It's not our system of governance. Never how we've sought to interact with the outside world. I prefer that phrase System Administration. We enforce the minimal rule sets for maintaining connectivity to the global economy. Certain bad things you cannot do. How this impacts the way we think about the future of war. This is a concept which gets me vilified throughout the Pentagon. It makes me very popular as well. Everybody's got an opinion.
Going back to the beginning of our country -- historically, defenses meant protection of the homeland. Security has meant everything else. Written into our constitution, two different forces, two different functions. Raise an army when you need it, and maintain a navy for day to day connectivity. A Department of War, a Department of Everything Else. A big stick, a baton stick. Can of whup ass, the networking force. In 1947 we merged these two things together in the Defense Department. Our long term rationale becomes, we're involved in a hair trigger stand off with the Soviets. To attack America is to risk blowing up the world. We connected national security to international security with about a seven minute time delay. That's not our problem now. They can kill three million in Chicago tomorrow and we don't go to the mattresses with nukes. That's the scary part.
The question is how do we reconnect American national security with global security to make the world a lot more comfortable, and to embed and contextualize our employment of force around the planet? What's happened since, is that bifurcation I described. We talked about this going all the way back to the end of the Cold War. Let's have a Department of War, and a Department of Something Else. Some people say, hell, 9/11 did it for you. Now we got a home game and away game.
(Laughter)
The Department of Homeland Security is a strategic feel good measure. It's going to be the Department of Agriculture for the 21st century. TSA, thousands standing around.
(Laughter)
Just be grateful Robert Reed didn't shove that bomb up his ass.
(Laughter)
Because we'd all be gay then.
I supported the war in Iraq. He was a bad guy with multiple priors. It's not like we had to find him, actually killing somebody live to arrest him. I knew we'd kick ass in the war with the Leviathan Force. I knew we'd have a hard time with what followed. But I know this organization doesn't change until it experiences failure. What do I mean by these two different forces?
This is the Hobbesian Force. I love this force, I don't want to see it go, that plus nukes rules out great power war. This is the military the rest of the world wants us to build. That's why I travel all over the world talking to foreign militaries.
What does this mean? It means you've got to stop pretending you can do these two very disparate skill sets with the same 19-year-old. Switching back, morning, afternoon, evening, morning, afternoon, evening. Handing out aid, shooting back, handing out aid, shooting back. It's too much. The 19-year-olds get tired from the switching, OK?
(Laughter)
That force on the left, you can train a 19-year-old to do that. That force on the right is more like a 40-year-old cop. You need the experience. What does this mean in terms of operations?
The rule is going to be this. That Sys Admin force is the force that never comes home, does most of your work. You break out that Leviathan Force only every so often. But here's the promise you make to the American public, to your own people, to the world. You break out that Leviathan Force, you promise, you guarantee you're going to mount one helluva -- immediately -- follow-on Sys Admin effort. Don't plan for the war unless you plan to win the peace.
(Applause)
Other difference is Leviathan, traditional partners they all look like the Brits and their former colonies.
(Laughter)
Including us, I would remind you. The rest, wider array of partners. International organizations, non-governmental organizations, private voluntary organizations, contractors. You're not going to get away from that. Leviathan Force, it's all about joint operations between the military services. We're done with that. What we need to do is inter-agency operations, which frankly Condi Rice was in charge of. And I'm amazed nobody asked her that question when she was confirmed.
I call the Leviathan Force your dad's military. I like them young, male, unmarried, slightly pissed off.
(Laughter)
I call the Sys Admin Force your mom's military. It's everything the man's military hates. Gender balanced much more, older, educated, married with children. The force on the left up, or out. The force on the right in and out. The force on the left respects Posse Comitatus restrictions on the use of force inside the U.S. The force on the right's going to obliterate it That's what the National Guard's going to be. The force on the left is never coming under the purview of the International Criminal Court. Sys Admin Force has to. Different definitions of network centricity. One takes down networks, one puts them up. And you've got to wage war here in such a way to facilitate that.
Do we need a bigger budget? Do we need a draft to pull this off? Absolutely not. I've been told by the Revolution of Military Affairs crowd for years, we can do it faster, cheaper, smaller, just as lethal. I say, "Great, I'm going to take the Sys Admin budget out of your hide."
Here's the larger point. You're going to build the Sys Admin Force inside the U.S. Military first. But ultimately you're going to civilianize it, probably two thirds. Inter agency-ize it, internationalize it. So yes, it begins inside the Pentagon, but over time it's going to cross that river.
(Laughter)
I have been to the mountain top, I can see the future. I may not live long enough to get you there, but it's going to happen. We're going to have a Department of Something Else between war and peace.
Last slide. Who gets custody of the kids? This is where the Marines in the audience get kind of tense. (Laughter) And this is when they think about beating the crap out of me after the talk.
(Laughter)
Read Max Boon. This is the history of the marines -- small wars, small arms. The Marines are like my West Highland Terrier. They get up every morning, they want to dig a hole and they want to kill something.
(Laughter)
I don't want my Marines handing out aid, I want them to be Marines. That's what keeps the Sys Admin Force from being a pussy force. It keeps it from being the U.N. You shoot at these people the Marines are going to come over and kill you.
(Laughter)
(Applause)
Department of Navy, strategic subs go this way, surface combatants are over there, and the news is they may actually be that small.
(Laughter)
I call it the Smart Dust Navy. I tell young officers, you may command 500 ships in your career, bad news is they may not have anybody on them. Carriers go both ways because they're a swing asset. You'll see the pattern -- airborne, just like carriers. Armor goes this way. Here's the dirty secret of the Air Force, you can win by bombing. But you need lots of these guys on the ground to win the peace. Shinseki was right with the argument. Air force, strategic airlift goes both ways. Bombers, fighters go over here. Special Operations Command down at Tampa. Trigger-pullers go this way. Civil Affairs, that bastard child, comes over here. Return to the Army. The point about the trigger-pullers and Special Operations Command. No off season, these guys are always active. They drop in, do their business, disappear. See me now, don't talk about it later.
(Laughter)
I was never here.
(Laughter)
The world is my playground.
(Laughter)
I want to keep trigger-pullers trigger-happy. I want the rules to be as loose as possible. Because when the thing gets prevented in Chicago with the three million dead that perverts our political system beyond all recognition, there are the guys who are going to kill them first. So it's better off to have them make some mistakes along the way, than to see that.
Reserve component -- National Guard reserves overwhelmingly Sys Admin. How are you going to get them to work for this force? Most firemen in this country do it for free. This is not about money. This is about being up front with these guys and gals.
Last point, intelligence community -- the muscle and the defense agencies go this way. What should be the CIA, open, analytical, open source should come over here. The information you need to do this is not secret. It's not secret. Read that great piece in the New Yorker about how our echo boomers, 19 to 25, over in Iraq taught each other how to do Sys Admin work, over the Internet in chat rooms. They said, "Al Qaeda could be listening." They said, "Well, Jesus, they already know this stuff."
(Laughter)
Take a gift in the left hand. These are the sunglasses that don't scare people, simple stuff. Censors and transparency, the overheads go in both directions.
Thanks.
Posted by 열심히 달리기

[조용헌 살롱] [722] 문탠(Moontan) 로드
조용헌 goat1356@hanmail.net
입력 : 2010.02.21 23:15 / 수정 : 2010.02.22 03:44
http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/02/21/2010022100907.html?srchCol=news&srchUrl=news1

예전에 '문탠'이라는 조용헌 살롱을 읽은 적이 있었다.
그게 언제인지는 정확히 기억이 나지는 않았다. 단지 있었다,정도.
왜 기억을 하느냐.. 썬탠의 반대개념인 문탠(moontan), 지금도 획기적인 생각이지만, 그때는 더욱 전율이 느껴졌었다. 그 면을 고이 잘라서, 그 때는 연애중이었던 지금의 아내에게 저녁 늦게 보여주면서, 우리는 달빛을 맞으면서 건강을 이롭게 한다고 설레발 쳤던 기억이 난다.

그 때도 때마침 달빛이 참 좋았던 것으로 기억이 난다.
저녁 늦게 만나면, 공원이나 찻집에 들어가서 이런 저런 이야기를 나누었었는데, 그 때도 달빛이 좋으면 좁은 차 안에서 문탠을 했다. 변화무쌍한 달빛을 맞으며, 낮에 받았던 열들을 내려놓는다고.......

오늘 살롱을 읽는데, 저번에 이어 문탠로드라는 것이 나타났다. 영어로 하면 문탠로드, 한글로 하면 달맞이 길이다. 해운대, 항상 매년 텔레비젼에서 나오는 수많은 인파들만 봤지. 실제로 가본 적은 없다.
일생 살면서, 부산은 진해에서 해군함정을 타고, 부산항에 들어가서, 부산역에서 기차타고 서울 올라온 기억밖에 없다.

그런 그 곳에, 문탠로드가 생겼다고 한다.
인공적인 수직과 자연적인 수평의 조합.
수평적인 바다가 수직적인 빌딩의 빛을 어떻게 받아서 다시 인간 세상으로 뿌릴지, 글을 읽고서 매우 궁금해진다.

시간이 나면 삼순이에서 하고 싶은 10가지 중의 하나인, KTX타고 부산와서 회먹고, 돌아가는 것에 더해, 야간에 문탠로드를 호젓하게 걸으면서, 해운대의 풍광을 즐기고 싶은 마음이 생기는 저녁이다.

이런 자연적인 것이 요즘은 더 많이 끌린다.
Posted by 열심히 달리기
텔레비젼을 보다가, 요즘 인기있는 거침없이 하이킥을 봤다. 여기까지는 그냥 볼 수 있는 대목이었다.
그런데, 갑자기 이순재 할아버지가 전화통화를 하면서, '저 태극권합니다.'를 외치는 것이 아닌가?
오잉? 태극권?
요즘 인터넷을 돌아다니다가 빠져있는 [박정징의 무맥]에도 나와 있는 '태극권 편' 을 읽어본다.
http://www.segye.com/Articles/News/Culture/Article.asp?aid=20100202003708&ctg1=01&ctg2=00&subctg1=01&subctg2=00&cid=0101050100000

개인적으로 태극권은 고3 때, 6개월간 만난 적이 있었다.
처음 만남은 책으로의 만남이었다. 당시 달리기의 체력은 저질이었다. 지금은 어떨지 모르지만..
태극권을 만기 전에, 먼저 정신세계사에서 나온 '건강도인술'이라는 책을 읽었다. 도인술이라고 하면, 우리가 생각하는 도인, 즉 신선이 되는 방법으로 생각하게 되는데, 실상 보면 인도할 도(導), 이끌 인(引)자를 써서, 도인술이다. 즉, 호흡과 함께하는 동양식 스트래칭이라고 생각하면 된다.
책 앞쪽에 독자를 위한 간단한 자가 평가를 할 수 있는 항목이 몇 개 있었다. 해봤는데, 되는게 없다. 아니 10대의 이 팔팔함이 실상 겉보기에만 10대란 말인가?? 허리유연성을 높이기 위해, 당장 책 속에 있는 내용을 따라하기 시작했다. 놀라웠다. 시간이 지남에 따라 몸이 훨씬 유연해졌다. 계속 높아지고 있었다.
그러다 만나게 된 것이 이찬 선생이 쓴 '태극권'(하남출판사 刊)을 만났다. 이론으로 먼저 접하고, 책에 나와있는 대로, 몸동작을 따라했다. 책에 보법에 대해 자세히 나와있고, 손동작도 자세히 설명을 하고 있어서, 어려움 없이 따라할 수 있었다.

그러던 중, 문화센터 과정 중, 태극권 강좌를 보았고, 마침 가르켜주는 태극권의 종류도 같았고, 강사도 이찬 선생님이어서, 가입을 했다. 물론 집에는 비밀로. 일주일에 한 번, 야자였던가, 독서실이었다가는 땡땡이었다.
얼마나 재미있던지.. 특히 미리 책을 읽어서, 예습(?)을 한 덕분에 하나하나가 머리에 쏙쏙 와서 들어앉았다.
6개월간의 재미있는(거의 학교생활의 탈출구로서의 기능을...) 수업을 마치고, 태극권을 할 수 있게 되었다. 어설프게지만, 그래도 직접 스승께 배우니, 책으로 배운 것보다는 훨씬 부드럽게 할 수 있었다.

태극권의 종류도 굉장히 다양했다. 그건 책을 보고, 정리를 해야겠다.

기억나시는지 모르겠지만, 마침 이연걸이 주연을 한 '태극권'이라는 영화가 개봉하게 되었다.
이연걸의 태극권
감독 원화평 (1993 / 홍콩)
출연 이연걸, 양자경, 전소호, 원결영
상세보기


마치 무협영화에 나오는 것처럼, 이연걸과 사형사제 관계란다. 현재도 그런 것이 존재하는 것을 보고 신기해 했다.
사진첩 어디에 보면, 그 때, 영화 개봉 당일 극장에 와서 시연회를 한 사진이 있다. 물론 너무 멀어서, 사진에도 잘 나오지는 않았지만...
그 이후, 난 혼자서 꾸준하게 했다. 심지어 대학 OT때 가서도 했다. 이것은 아직도 선배들에게서 회자되는 이야기다. 독특한 놈으로...
그러다 언제부터인가 점점 멀어져갔다. 그러다 다시 태극권을 확인하고, 혼자 할 수 있는 운동으로 생각중이었는데, '지붕뚫고 하이킥'에서 이순재 할아버지가 태극권을 한 것이다. 물론 동작은 아니었지만..ㅋㄷㅋㄷ

개인적으로 생각하기에, 격하지 않고, 부드럽게 할 수 있는 운동으로 태극권이 참 좋다고 생각을 한다. 물론 젊은 사람들은 빠른 운동을 좋아하니까, 처음에 접할 때는 어떨지 모르겠지만..
젊은 사람도 허리운동으로써 태극권을 하면, 하체와 허리가 강화됨으로써, 생활에 더 큰 활력을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각이 든다.

재미있는 태극권을 개인적으로 추천해본다. 그런데, 아쉽게 한국에서는 태극권을 접하기가 쉽지만은 않다.
태극권 도장 및 협회: http://www.taichi.or.kr/new/
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